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▴ Proto-Turkic▴ Altaic etymology▴ Meaning▴ Russian meaning▴ Old Turkic▴ Karakhanid▴ Turkish▴ Tatar▴ Middle Turkic▴ Uzbek▴ Uighur▴ Sary-Yughur▴ Azerbaidzhan▴ Turkmen▴ Khakassian▴ Shor▴ Oyrat▴ Halaj▴ Chuvash▴ Yakut▴ Dolgan▴ Tuva▴ Tofalar▴ Kirghiz▴ Kazakh▴ Noghai▴ Bashkir▴ Balkar▴ Gagauz▴ Karaim▴ Karakalpak▴ Salar▴ Kumyk▴ Comments
face="Times New Roman Star"*elu"kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"mockery, ridiculeface="Times New Roman Star"íàñìåøêà, èçäåâàòåëüñòâî
face="Times New Roman Star"elu"k (MK)






face="Times New Roman Star"ilgezik 'glib, jaunty' (?)face="Times New Roman Star"el@k













face="Times New Roman Star"elik


face="Times New Roman Star"ÝÑÒß 1, 264-265, EDT 142. Turk. > WMong. eleg, ileg, Khalkha eleg (KW 119).
face="Times New Roman Star"*e:c?- (?i:-)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"to submitface="Times New Roman Star"ïîä÷èíÿòüface="Times New Roman Star"ic?ik- (Orkh., OUygh.), ec?ik- (Yen.)face="Times New Roman Star"ec?ik- (MK)



face="Times New Roman Star"ec?in- 'to repent, regret'

face="Times New Roman Star"ez?|i:z 'weak, fenceless'face="Times New Roman Star"is- 'to obey'

















face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 25.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bus-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"to hide, lay an ambushface="Times New Roman Star"ïðÿòàòüñÿ, óñòðàèâàòü çàñàäóface="Times New Roman Star"bus- (OUygh.- Suv.)face="Times New Roman Star"bus- (MK, KB, IM)face="Times New Roman Star"pus-face="Times New Roman Star"pos-face="Times New Roman Star"bus- (Pav. C., Sangl.)face="Times New Roman Star"pis-; pus- (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"pus- 'to eavesdrop'face="Times New Roman Star"bus-


face="Times New Roman Star"bus-xo 'Hinterhalt, Lauer'







face="Times New Roman Star"but|-





face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 371, ÝÑÒß 2, 278-279, TMN 2, 291-292.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kobu-kface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"empty, hollowface="Times New Roman Star"ïóñòîé, ïîëûéface="Times New Roman Star"qovy (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"qovy, qovuq (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"kovuk, gavyk (dial.)
face="Times New Roman Star"qovuq (AH)
face="Times New Roman Star"quaq (dial.)

face="Times New Roman Star"Govaq, Govuq, Govalc?, Govuzface="Times New Roman Star"xax

















face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 273, TMN 3, 415, ÝÑÒß 6, 5-6.
face="Times New Roman Star"*Kutuface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"group of peopleface="Times New Roman Star"ãðóïïà ëþäåé
face="Times New Roman Star"qutu (KB)


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 596.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bo"keface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"a big snakeface="Times New Roman Star"áîëüøàÿ çìåÿ
face="Times New Roman Star"bo"ke (MK)


























face="Times New Roman Star"Ëåêñèêà 180, EDT 324. Clauson doubts MK's derivation of bo"ke 'warrior' from 'big snake' (MK quotes a folk-tale about the snake with seven heads called bo"ke, and says that the warriors are called by it); but external evidence rather supports Kashgari's point of view. If this is the case, MMong. bo"ko" 'warrior, wrestler' (whence Evk. buku etc., see Doerfer MT 235) must be a Turkic loanword (see EDT ibid.).
face="Times New Roman Star"*bu"k-tel-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"matureface="Times New Roman Star"çðåëûé
face="Times New Roman Star"bu"ktel (MK)


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 325.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jub-gaface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"bastard, adopted sonface="Times New Roman Star"âíåáðà÷íûé, ïðèåìíûé ñûí
face="Times New Roman Star"juvg|a (MK, KB)


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 874, VEWT 209 (erroneously united with juvqa 'soft, weak').
face="Times New Roman Star"*jyl/-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"to rub, polishface="Times New Roman Star"òåðåòü, ïîëèðîâàòü


face="Times New Roman Star"jys?- (Sib.)





face="Times New Roman Star"c?ys-
face="Times New Roman Star"jys?-















face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 202, ÝÑÒß 1, 667.
face="Times New Roman Star"*satanface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"thigh, hipface="Times New Roman Star"áåäðî

face="Times New Roman Star"satan
face="Times New Roman Star"satan (Pav. C.)



face="Times New Roman Star"satan



face="Times New Roman Star"sodanú 'buttocks, behind'










face="Times New Roman Star"satan

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 405, ÝÑÒß 7, Ëåêñèêà 281, Àøì. XI, 211.
face="Times New Roman Star"*bAr/face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"peaceface="Times New Roman Star"ìèðface="Times New Roman Star"baz (Orkh.)


face="Times New Roman Star"baz (Qutb, AH)
















face="Times New Roman Star"bad|-a- 'to be shy'face="Times New Roman Star"baz-a-ma 'shelter, secure place'
face="Times New Roman Star"baz; baz-la- 'to comfort, console'


face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 388 (together with baz 'an alien'), VEWT 62, 66.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sAp ( ? -b)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"a turn (to do smth.)face="Times New Roman Star"î÷åðåäü (÷òî-íèáóäü äåëàòü)face="Times New Roman Star"sab (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"sab (MK)


























face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 782, VEWT 401 (erroneously united with sap 'handle').
face="Times New Roman Star"*be.ldirface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"cross-roads, separation of two roads or riversface="Times New Roman Star"ïåðåêðåñòîê, ðàçâèëêà äâóõ äîðîã èëè ðåêface="Times New Roman Star"beltir (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"beltir (MK)
face="Times New Roman Star"pilter 'âîäà, ñêàïëèâàþùàÿñÿ îêîëî áîëîòà' (ÊÑÒÒ)





face="Times New Roman Star"pilt@rface="Times New Roman Star"peltirface="Times New Roman Star"beltir

face="Times New Roman Star"bilir
face="Times New Roman Star"beldir










face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 69, EDT 334, Ëåêñèêà 98.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sa:bface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"word, speechface="Times New Roman Star"ñëîâî, ðå÷üface="Times New Roman Star"sab (Orkh.), sav (OUygh.)face="Times New Roman Star"sav (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"sav
face="Times New Roman Star"sav (AH)



face="Times New Roman Star"sa:v-c?y 'matchmaker', dial. sa:w

face="Times New Roman Star"sabyr (bic?ig) 'áîãàòûðñêîå ïèñüìî'
face="Times New Roman Star"súw|vúw| 'verse, poem'











face="Times New Roman Star"so:z?|i 'matchmaker' (ÑÑß)
face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 391, EDT 782-783, ÝÑÒß 7, Ôåäîòîâ 2, 20.
face="Times New Roman Star"*saja-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"to be rare, thinned outface="Times New Roman Star"áûòü ðåäêèì, ïðîðåæåííûì


face="Times New Roman Star"sajyq- (dial.) 'to become rare', sajaq 'rare'





face="Times New Roman Star"saja-
face="Times New Roman Star"saja-
face="Times New Roman Star"sojak (dial.) 'bastard'






face="Times New Roman Star"hajaq 'rare' (dial.)





face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 395, TMN 3, 306, ÝÑÒß 7. The root is not widely attested, but its likely derivative is *saja-k 'young male horses separated from the herd; lonely man, wanderer', spread much wider (see ÝÑÒß 7). Chuv. sojak definitely reflects the same form and is not borrowed from Mar. sajak, but rather vice versa, despite Ôåäîòîâ 2, 53.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sapakface="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"branch, bunchface="Times New Roman Star"âåòâü, êèñòü








face="Times New Roman Star"sapaq

face="Times New Roman Star"sabaq






face="Times New Roman Star"sabaq







face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 391. The stem is usually regarded as derived from *sa.p 'handle' (see e.g. ÝÑÒß 7); the latter indeed also means 'stalk' and has a derivative *sa.pak 'handle, stalk'.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sa.r-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"to wind aroundface="Times New Roman Star"îáìàòûâàòü, çàâåðòûâàòü
face="Times New Roman Star"saru- (MK)face="Times New Roman Star"sar-face="Times New Roman Star"sar-face="Times New Roman Star"sar- (AH, Pav. C.)


face="Times New Roman Star"sary-face="Times New Roman Star"sara-face="Times New Roman Star"sary-


face="Times New Roman Star"syr-








face="Times New Roman Star"sar-face="Times New Roman Star"sar-, sary-


face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 844, VEWT 402, ÝÑÒß 7. Turk. *sary-k > WMong. sarig|, Kalm. sa"rig| 'ring for binding a horse' (cf. Chag. sar-c?a, Khak. sar-c?yn id.), see KW 318-319, VEWT 403.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sia:n/- (?-j-)face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 poor, distressed 2 to be distressed, anxious, fearful 3 to squander 4 to pain, be sore (of a foot) 5 distress 6 beggarface="Times New Roman Star"1 áåäíûé, íåñ÷àñòíûé 2 áûòü ðàññòðîåííûì, ïîäàâëåííûì, èñïóãàííûì 3 ðàñòðà÷èâàòü (èìóùåñòâî) 4 íûòü (î íîãå) 5 ðàññòðîéñòâî 6 ñòðàííèê, íèùèé
face="Times New Roman Star"saj-pa- 3

face="Times New Roman Star"saj-pa- 3
face="Times New Roman Star"saj- 4

face="Times New Roman Star"sa:jyl 1

face="Times New Roman Star"sajlyg| 1 (dial.), sajaq 5 (dial., R - Kumd.)
face="Times New Roman Star"s?ujg|an- 2

face="Times New Roman Star"sajmaara- 2







face="Times New Roman Star"sajyl 6

face="Times New Roman Star"EDT 859, Àøì. XVII, 111.
face="Times New Roman Star"*sen|face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"frazilface="Times New Roman Star"øóãà, ëåäÿíîå ñàëî



face="Times New Roman Star"sen| (B)face="Times New Roman Star"sa"n| (dial.)


face="Times New Roman Star"sen| (dial.)



face="Times New Roman Star"san




face="Times New Roman Star"sen|face="Times New Roman Star"sen|



face="Times New Roman Star"sen|

face="Times New Roman Star"VEWT 410 (without Chuv.; the Kypch. forms may be borrowed from Mong.), ÝÑÒß 7.
face="Times New Roman Star"*jap-face="Times New Roman Star"Altaic etymology
face="Times New Roman Star"1 to lap 2 greedy 3 lickerishface="Times New Roman Star"1 ëàêàòü, æàäíî ïèòü 2 æàäíûé 3 ëàêîìûé









face="Times New Roman Star"jabylyg| 2 R 3, 281 (Koib., Kach.); c?apla-t- 1, c?apsyx 3
face="Times New Roman Star"japla-t- 1

face="Times New Roman Star"sabyrg|a:- 1












face="Times New Roman Star"A local Siberian root.
,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,,,,,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,,turcet-bas,,,,,turcet-sal,turcet-qum,,
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